Franz Schubert
Pieces for piano four hands
About Franz Schubert's Pieces for piano four hands
Schubert was not the first composer to write music for piano four hands, but he is unusual in that some of his greatest works are written for this setting. His catalog of works for piano duet begins and ends with fantasies – the Fantasie in G major, D.1, is in fact his earliest known work among all genres, composed when he was only 13. The Fantasy in F minor, D. 940, was composed just before he died in 1828, and is perhaps one of the most famous pieces for four hands of all time.
Several of these works were written during stays at Count Esterházy’s house at Zseliz, Hungary, in 1818 and 1824, where he gave piano and singing lessons to two young Countesses, Caroline and Marie. He wrote over ten sets of marches for four hands inspired by Hungarian folk idioms and styles. The Sonata in C major, Grand Duo, D. 812 (1824), also written in Esterházy’s house, remains one of the most famous pieces for piano four-hands. Schubert wrote two other sonatas and one sonatina for piano four hands, but none of them are as extensive as this work. Schumann described the piece as a “symphony arranged for the piano.”
Schubert also wrote four variation works and two sets of Divertissements for piano four hands, inspired by French and Hungarian motifs respectively. During the last year of his life – in addition to the F minor Fantasy – he composed the little-known Fugue in E minor, D. 952, the sunny A major Rondo, D. 951 and the magnificent, poetically named Lebensstürme, D. 947 (Storms of Life), perhaps intended as the first movement of a sonata.