My biggest problem with learning music theory is that I don't find it at all interesting. I always have to take a playing and theory test every year for Certificate of Merit and I always have trouble getting through the theory preparation book because I just find it boring (and its soooo long!). As much as I love playing music, I never feel overly compelled to study the theory anymore. I have enough of an understanding of it that I can learn music easily, but I just can't bare doing the monotonous theory pages I am assigned in preparation for theory tests! I find music history MUCH more interesting.
My biggest problem with learning music theory is that I don't find it at all interesting. I always have to take a playing and theory test every year for Certificate of Merit and I always have trouble getting through the theory preparation book because I just find it boring (and its soooo long!).
I think ideally, whether you have dedicated lesson time for theory or not, that teacher will work these concepts into the material you are working on. What key is this piece in? Are we still in that key here or have we modulated? What overall form is the piece (form of a pear?)? What is the first theme? What are the motives? What chord is this? Where is the cadence? Where is the syncopation? Etc. At whatever depth that student is ready for.If these ideas aren't being reinforced in the learning, writing, or performance of actual music, then the whole thing is pointless. Even physics class has lab time to test the theories in concrete experiments.
I remain a bit mystified as to how it all fits together though. As far as I know, modern music theory was invented by Rameau. What kind of theory did they use before him? E.g. when Tallis composed his monstrously complex "Spem in alium," how did he go about it? Did he have some sort of formal theory of counterpoint? Did he perhaps mostly just rely on an exquisitely developed inner ear? How do you develop that sort of inner ear in the first place? One might ask the same sort of questions about Bach. It seems to me it should be very difficult to compose a fugue entirely in your head, without having the various voices in front of you on paper. But if you do have the sort of inner ear and musical memory to be able to do it, then do you still need any knowledge of theory?