Very interesting, thanks for sharing.
My thought, could be wrong:
In order to play, we need a voice in our head, some kind of sound we're striving for.
In order to improve, we need to hear the sound actually coming out of the instrument. (and compare it to the sound we want, and calculate the error, and execute a correction)
Hearing both simultaneously is difficult. I tend to bounce back and forth, that's why I record practice. I speculate prodigies might just be people who learned to hear faster than the rest of us.