This was a doctorate thesis that I found (accidentally) in my schools library.
A study of the eye-movements and eye-hand temporal relationships of successful and unsuccessful piano sight-readers while piano sight-reading by Leonora Jeanne Young.
This is something that I would like to read. I'm going to try to get a copy from interlibrary loan. In some cases like a scientific report they will actually send you a photocopy if the research is not copywrited (i.e. non-commercial in nature).
Anyway, if anyone else would like to find it you can see which libraries have it at the following link:
Where to find the thesisIn many ways Young's conclusion about it not being important to look ahead doesn't really surprise me at all.
On the computer I see so many automated "flash-card" programs where you look at a note and instantly click on the letter name of the note. But what does reading letters have to do with good sight-reading? In my mind they have absolutely nothing to do with it. This is why I wan to use a MIDI keyboard and just press the correct keys. I don't even want to think about letters at all. They are totally unnecessary for the purpose of sight-reading.
In my mind, good sight-reading skills are to be able to look at the score and just jump on the correct keys "instantly". If you have to think of what letters they represent, and then think about where those letter notes are on the keyboard, then you are adding an intermediate step that isn't necessary at all. However, if you are sight-reading using that method then I can see where you would want to look ahead to see what's coming because you're going to need some time to translated it into letters and then into where those letters on are the piano keyboard.
It seems to me that a much more efficient way to sight-read is to forget all about the letter names of the notes altogether. Just learn to view the staff more like tablature. The notes on strings or lines are simply seen as a map of where your fingers need to be on the keyboard. No letter names involved at all. Nothing to translate. Just jump on the notes as you read them. Therefore there's nothing to look ahead for.
That's not to say that you would necessarily focus on one beat at a time. You would still be recognizing patterns in measures, and their may be some value in "glancing" ahead to see if things are going to continue along the same lines or change drastically. But you wouldn’t really be "reading" head in the sense that you aren't looking at precisely what's coming in a detailed way. Of course, if you glance ahead and see the precise exact patter that you are currently playing then you would know that you are just going to repeat it and that may be of some help.
Now, I admit that my comments here are from someone who can't even sight-read at all, except for the simplest melodies. But one reason that I am so slow is that I am still working with recognizing letter names of notes and then translating those letter names into key positions. I want to break away from that pattern of sight-reading ASAP! I want to do away with thinking in terms of letter-names while sight-reading. That's not to say that it won't still be important to be able to read letter names when analyzing music, etc. But I don't want to be thinking in terms of letter names when I am actually sight-reading for the purpose of playing a piece.
This is my whole motivation for connecting up a MIDI keyboard to the computer. When I see the notes I just press the appropriate keys and the computer tells me whether or not I did it correctly. I personally won't need to think about letter names of notes at all. It will just be a reflex action to play the music as it is written without having to include an intermediate chore of translating letter names into keyboard positions.
Well this post turned out to be it's own thesis.

But this is my whole motivation for using a MIDI keyboard and computer software. To get away from reading letter names.
I could just do this on the piano with written score, but I'm a computer nerd and I like to have the computer analyze my progress and show me my strengths and weakness, etc. I just love computers. We invented them, why not take advantage of them?