My main question: how can I learn this piece in a matter of a few days and perform it? Also, are there any practice tips and tricks to get it learned, up to tempo, and with the utmost amount of musicality and understanding of the piece?
Make sure your familiar with the other ensemble parts - read through them, and see how they relate to what you're doing. You already know how to get it up to speed (or as much speed as you can in the limited time), but knowing the other parts will make you're task much easier when you get there. The other players are unlikely to believe they are there to provide background for your performance, so the better you understand their parts the better placed you are.
Check this out; the second half is targeted more towards advanced students, but if you have time I recommend watching the full video (it's 15 minutes)I hope this helps