I've been thinking about this a lot lately.
In the past, I've heard numerous times the statement that the major scale is more masculine, whereas the minor scale is more feminine. Even though it was popular belief in Europe since about the 18th century, I never really agreed with it.
I think the main reason people often think so it because they think major pieces tend to be more extroverted (something more related to men) and minor pieces tend to be more introverted (something more related to women). But that's not really how things are. I can think of plenty of major pieces that are very calm and temperate (feminine), and also many minor pieces that are bold and manly. Here are two famous examples:
Here's a (mostly) calm and minor piece written by Chopin (which is generally considered quite a feminine composer). That said, you'd expect it to be extremely feminine - but it isn't.
Here's a major piece written by Liszt (generally thought of as a very masculine composer) which isn't manly at all.
And it's not just two examples that don't reflect common music - there is a huge number of pieces that don't correspond to the minor-major assumption. I think it's just a cultural thing to think major and minor have a related gender.
So the real question is - what makes us thinks of certain pieces as masculine or feminine? It doesn't seem to be the scale, so what is it?
I'd have to say it's the general atmosphere of the piece. If we take the two examples I gave:
1. The piece by Chopin, although minor and calm, is still a march. Whenever we listen to it, we automatically have a masculine-military image in our head.
2. The piece by Liszt (at least for me) kind of sounds like an emotional aria for a soprano female voice. The texture is mostly harp-like, which is also generally a more feminine instrument.
So I guess the "gender" of a piece isn't something that is easily defined by things like the scale, but is actually based on a mixture of aspects that give a general picture - it could be a texture, a rhythmic concept (in cases of pieces like marches), etc...
Would love to hear your opinion on the subject
