A very difficult passage, but manageable; here is how I did it:
First of all get the right fingering: 4 on the black 5 - 4 - 5 - 4 - 5- 4 on the white. Notice that using 4th finger on the outer positions keeps then hand flexible and naturally prepares the next position. If using only 5 on the whites it locks your hand and accumulates tension enroute to next position. Or at least thats how it was for me.
Second of all make sure that you play ABSOLUTE STACCATISSIMO letting go of each octave in a glimpse of an eye immidieatly. Liszt wrote leggiermente meaning “lightly and soft, but quick.” Transfer this directly to your technique executing these octaves and, I think, you will feels progress.
Also make sure that you help out with the left hand. I obtained stability playing the left hand mezzoforte and as legato as possible (not completly possible because of repetition but with this sound in mind you get a long way). As I see it the left hand in the passage is the more lyrical part. I imagine deep wind instruments played very softly yet clearly leading the right hand musically.
More work could be exercising playing the passage with different parts being "the boss". E. G. left hand then right thump then right 4/5 finger. After that I thought that best musical and technical result was controlling things with right hand thump to get safe ground to walk on and minimize the chance of missing when changing positions.
Last thing that comes to my mind on this is to keep YOUR WHOLE BODY RELAXED 100 %. Start with sitting comfortably resting from your back. Then make sure that this resting feeling continues to the arms wrists and fingers so that you only using the muscle power absolut necessairy. This will bring that the only tension will be your octave grip that should remain the same towards the passage.
Lastly remember that this etude is definitely one of the most difficult of the 12 and one of the most challenging pieces of the romantic piano repetoir. I do not know your history but remember to be sweet to yourself if you havent practiced 10 hours a day through 20 years like these top gun pianists

Please let me know if this was helpfull
- Ansgarpiano