Yes, its the "melody" and should be playd as ...a melody
I should have added 'unhelpful answers' to the list of things that Pianostreet is becoming
You allowed little more than a day and a half to get any response and, in any case, you should have used the nickname Ĉolian Harp, not Aeolian Heart, for this étude if you had to use one at all rather than descrbing it as the composer's Op. 25 No. 1...Not all editions have those notes shown in different point sizes in any case but, in those that do show them thus, what else do you suppose it could possibly have meant?Best,Alistair